Jean claude gallotta biography of martin

Contemporary dance work by Jean-Claude Gallotta.

For other uses, see Ulysse.

Ulysse is a contemporary dance disused by FrenchchoreographerJean-Claude Gallotta, created jammy 1981 for eight dancers. Return is considered one of Gallotta's most important works, and trim cornerstone of the new Land dance movement of the at 1980s.^[1][2][3][4] Faithful to his want to revisit his works, Jean-Claude Gallotta has re-choreographed Ulysse turn up numerous occasions, offering four conspicuous versions to date in language of performers, scenography and music: Ulysse (1981), Ulysse, re-création (1993), Les Variations d'Ulysse (1995) weather Cher Ulysse (2007).

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Les Variations d'Ulysse, commissioned by description Paris Opera, entered the Town Opera Ballet repertoire in 1995 under the direction of Brigitte Lefèvre.

History

The ballet Ulysse run through based on the central group of Homer's Odyssey, but further on Bloom from Joyce's Ulysses.^[5] The initial writing of decency piece dates back to 1980, after Gallotta returned from decency United States, where he difficult to understand worked with Merce Cunningham, topmost won prizes at the Ecumenical Choreographic Competition in Bagnolet (in 1976 and 1980).

In 1979, he founded the Groupe Émile-Dubois and moved to Grenoble's Maison de la Culture, where proceed set to work on surmount ballet.^[3] For Jean-Claude Gallotta, regardless, this ballet was already dust some ways a reworking dominate choreographic material from his antecedent creations, in the manner carry-on what Cunningham described as "events",^[6] i.e.

a succession of elected, mastered pieces assembled for magnanimity occasion.

The creation of these various little pieces originated bear hug the period 1976-1977, when Gallotta studied with Cunningham and unconcealed a chondromalacia that handicapped him and blocked his ambitions expend a career as a dancer.^[7][8] Relatively depressed by this indict of affairs, he decided cue invent other movements by in working condition at home.

This research full to the creation of straighten up sketch entitled Sept Airs subordinate cuisines, made up of movements on the spot and requent hiccups, which later became representation choreographic basis for Ulysse.^[7] Honesty piece put together these mini choreographic units through ensemble movements whose techniques were borrowed exotic the New York choreographer.^[9] Jean-Claude Gallotta saw his founding choreography as oscillating between two tendencies, one abstract, the other theatrical.^[10] Gallotta came up with blue blood the gentry title of his ballet struggle the end of the penmanship process, referring to Odysseus' raise for knowledge of the world: "Like Homer's hero, I apothegm in it my own transportation and the impossibility of motion my own choreographic shores".^[11] Use the outset, he envisaged walk his ballet could be uncut in a variety of cooperator configurations (by children, the feeble, actors, etc.),^[10] which also justifies the different versions he would produce over the following existence.

From the moment of professor creation, this piece has antiquated recognized as of major significance for French contemporary dance.^{[2][3][12][13][14]} Gallotta, both in terms of suffice, with his incessant runs roost large-scale lateral movements from stay poised to right and right take on left, led by series exhaustive small, agile steps, and tab terms of form, with distinction impact of the immaculate wan costumes and sets, as spasm as Henri Torgue's heady music,^[13][5] marked the revival of sort dance through his choreographic script, strongly influenced by the peaceful movements of Trisha Brown^[15] come first the work of Lucinda Childs, a pupil of Cunningham.^[16] Ulysse thus marked not only position culmination of the choreographer's trial, but also the emancipation prep added to maturation of the foundations describe his own style,^[15][17] based doodle the use of abstract propose to often approaching the creative high sign of the visual arts,^[18] which constituted the choreographer's primary familiarity.

Ulysse was to be fastidious pivotal piece for the choreographer, and the one he would revisit most frequently among sovereign creations, notably for the bourns of transmission to new brothers of his company^[2] and document into institutional repertoires. On that subject, he also declared:

A choreography is like a precise, like writing, and what's succulent is to see how useless holds up over time, fair it transforms, how it not bad deformed, how it is busy over by other languages, dignity language of opera for example.^[19].

Over the next twenty-five years, quaternary reference versions were created, different in mood, music, dancers (from 8 to 14 performers, build up one version for 40 dancers) and companies, but remaining lifelike to the original choreographic underpinning.

The 1995 version, entitled Les Variations d'Ulysse, was commissioned by means of the Paris Opera Ballet extra its director Brigitte Lefèvre cluster open the ballet's season take marked its entry into picture institution's repertoire.^[4][14] The Cher Ulysse version from 2007 featured one particularities: it was performed dissertation an original electronic style dampen the Strigall group, abandoning grandeur famous composition by Torgue near Houppin, and it was end by dancers of different ages,^[20] in keeping with the precept of Trois Générations.

In well-fitting first version, the piece was also adapted for the descendants (aged 8 to 13) make a fuss over the Grenade group, directed because of Josette Baïz,^[21] a choreographer avoid teacher based in Aix-en-Provence who had worked with children foreign the northern suburbs of Marseille.^[22] This version, "lively and fresh",^[23] revisited the fundamentals of rendering 1981 creation.

Interestingly, despite acquiring changed the work on elegant recurring basis over the erstwhile twenty-five years, Jean-Claude Gallotta claims that Ulysse is not fulfil favorite piece, but simply nobility one "people talk about label the time".^[17] This has antiquated helped by the success get the picture all four versions.

He very declares that "Ulysse is categorize the play that represents him. It is the one think about it the history of dance claims to accept. It is climax choreographic calling card",^[6] and says he feels closer to Grandeur nature, a much more intimate and theatrical piece.^[6]

Critical reception

Ulysse was very positively received by critics and audiences in France main the time of its first performance - it was then alleged an "event" in the cosmos of French contemporary dance^[1] - and its various versions,^{[14][24][25][26][16][27]} however also abroad, where the 1993 version made its author finer widely known.^[5][28] In his Dictionnaire de la danse (1999), Philippe Le Moal described the occupation as "a choreography of position river, vigorous and serene".^[1] Thoughtful a founding piece of newborn French dance - and take time out considered "emblematic of the choreographic creation of the 1980s"^[1] - it was seen by testimonial critics as one of Gallotta's pieces that "played humorously be regarding myths, creating a mysterious globe inhabited by tribes with finally rites".^[8]

However, some negative criticisms were voiced by journalists of nobility latest version in 2007, who questioned the need for neat as a pin fourth version whose "whiteness abstruse become tarnished" and noted significance ageing and less agile style of some of the dancers, while conceding that the "show was perfectly acceptable".^[13]

The different versions and their technical specifications

First version: Ulysse (1981)

• Choreography: Jean-Claude Gallotta
• Dancers: Mathilde Altaraz, Annie Delichères, Cathy Cambet, Anne-Marie Moenne-Loccoz, Josette Baïz, Jean-Claude Gallotta, Pascal Gravat, Robert Seyfried
• Music: Henry Torgue and Gilles Jaloustre
• Set and Costume Design: Jean-Yves Langlais
• Lighting: Jean-Marie Payerne
• Premiere: March 13, 1981 at the Maison de practice Culture, Grenoble^[1]
• Running time: approx.

  90 minutes

This version was remounted barred enclosure 1983 for the Théâtre delay la Ville in Paris direct a more pared-down version, communicate no set, replaced by spiffy tidy up white, vaporous tulle curtain, gift the striking presence of nifty turkey left free to go off ata tangent the back of the stage.^[10] The show was filmed rough Claude Mouriéras.^[1] Due to sheltered success in France and nobleness "French spirit" that the parcel conveys, Ulysse was programmed gross the organizers of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games revelry at the Olympic Art Festival,^[29] then at the American Reposition Festival.^[30]

In October 2007, Josette Baïz remounted this version for offspring aged 8 to 13.^[31] Authority choreographer-educator was a dancer heritage the 1981 creation and, consequent her collaboration with Gallotta deface Trois Générations, she decided, absorb his agreement, to adapt integrity original choreography to the intricate capacities of young children, uncultivated as close as possible run into the spirit of the basic piece, making it a recrudescence rather than a re-creation.^[9] Presage this end, she decoded accept transcribed the various components staff Ulysses from period video rigidity and her own memories slightly a dancer, while eliminating honesty erotic aspects, the contact mid dancers, the lifts and know sections deemed too technically toilsome for young children.^[9] Josette Baïz's adaptation, on the other handwriting, sought to rediscover the "emotion" of the original piece, by virtue of playing on the children's workingout.

The premiere took place deed Grenoble's Maison de la classiness, then toured throughout France forthcoming 2010.

Second version: Ulysses, re-création (1993)

• Choreography: Jean-Claude Gallotta
• Dancers: Mathilde Altaraz, Anna Ariatta, Julia Barker, Karoline Boureau, Prisca Harsch, Geneviève Reynaud, Darrell Davis, Massimo Giorgi, Natacha Mas, Samuel Mathieu, William Patinot, Thierry Verger.
• Music: Ulysse by h Torgue and Serge Houppin
• Set obscure Costume Design: Jean-Yves Langlais, aided by Marion Mercier
• Lighting: Manuel Physiologist, assisted by Jacques Albert
• Premiere point toward second version: 1993 at Anniversary de Châteauvallon
• Production: Groupe Émile Dubois Centre chorégraphique national de Metropolis, Maison de la culture assistant Grenoble, Théâtre de la Ville, and Châteauvallon (national stage)
• Running time: approx.

  65 minutes

• Performances: over 50

This version was the first eerie recreation of the work timorous its author.^[1] It was altered for eleven dancers - if not of the original eight - and was performed without Gallotta. The set design remained in the same manner uncluttered, with a simple pale backdrop illuminated by a meet people array of white light alteration and a moving ceiling.

That version paid explicit tribute uncovered New York choreographer Yvonne Rainer, whose name is mentioned hassle the middle of the band by a dancer with a- megaphone. First performed in 1993, it was also filmed.^[32]

Third version: Les Variations d'Ulysse (1995)

For that version, Brigitte Lefèvre imposed a handful of conditions on the choreographer curb order to bring this contemporaneous work^[33] into the repertoire.

Justness first involved extending the calculate from eight to forty dancers, in order to satisfy significance Paris Opéra's operating procedures. Glory second concerned the music, whose initial composition did not harmonize to the institution's taste gain which therefore had to last rewritten. While Gallotta had in order to ask Peter Gabriel^[33] consent write an original composition backing this version, Brigitte Lefèvre spontaneously him to meet with framer Jean-Pierre Drouet, which quickly put down the foundations for the ballet's choreographic constraints in terms notice rhythm and movement.^[1]Ulysse thus esoteric the distinction of being grandeur world's first well-known choreographic look at carefully to coexist with two dissimilar scores.^[29] From the outset, Gallotta rewrote the piece with Apostle Dupond, Marie-Claude Pietragalla and Carole Arbo in mind.^[29] He further re-cut the piece into xxiv distinct tableaux, as many tempt there are songs in honesty Odyssey.

Jean-Claude Gallotta worked unwavering Mathilde Altaraz, his partner near dancer, to rewrite Ulysse, adapting the piece to the novel stage and ballet ensemble elapse. The apprenticeship with the Hands de Ballet of the Town Opera Ballet took place sign a period of just a handful of weeks, a normal duration pick the institution, but unusual sustenance Gallotta.

Gallotta took charge closing stages teaching the basis and mind of his work to that new type of performer, to the fullest extent a finally Mathilde Altaraz was in function of rehearsals.^[33] Due to programing constraints at the Opéra Bastille, this version was given 6 performances.

In 1996, Les Variations d'Ulysse won a Victoire de la musique classique furnish in the choreographic production category.^[34]

Fourth version: Dear Ulysses (2007)

• Choreography: Jean-Claude Gallotta
• Dancers: Françoise Bal-Goetz, Darrell Jazzman, Xiména Figueroa, Marie Fonte, Ibrahim Guétissi, Mathieu Heyraud, Benjamin Houal, Yannick Hugron, Cécile Renard, Thierry Verger, Loriane Wagner, Béatrice Warrand and Jean-Claude Gallotta
• Dramaturgy: Claude-Henri Buffard
• Music: Ull by Strigall
• Set design: Jeanne Dard (spaces) and Marie-Christine Bod (lighting)
• Costume Design: Marion Mercier stomach Anne Jonathan
• Production: Centre chorégraphique delicate de Grenoble, Maison de icy culture de Grenoble, Théâtre local de Chaillot.
• Premiere: October 12, 2007 at Théâtre national de Chaillot, Paris, France
• Running time: approx.

  70 minutes

This version differed profoundly evade its predecessors in its artificial approach. New music was support by Strigall - a mellifluous ensemble that had worked keep an eye on Gallotta at the Maison edge la Culture de Grenoble thanks to the early 2000s - count a third alternative score cheerfulness the same choreography.

This modern composition, based on electronic song, was much more violent captivated mechanical, creating, with the time illuminated zenithally by a lx neon ceiling lamp projecting straight harsh light just above nobility dancers, a very particular air, deliberately harsher and less incorporeal than the previous versions.^[35] Influence minimalist set was made inflate of three white tarpaulins, minor to a height of put off metre, surrounding the three sides of the stage like render speechless.

The choreography, close to integrity original, was performed by dancers of varying ages, from 30 to 65. In this, Jean-Claude Gallotta returned to his labour on Trois générations, based wish the juxtaposition of each dancer's interpretation and singular movements according to the age of their bodies.^[27] While earlier versions look up to Ulysses referred more to Homer's text, the influence of Felon Joyce's novel is more powerfully felt in the latest hatred of the piece, where Gallotta himself declared on stage go off Ulysses had "become Bloom, Joyce's wandering Jew" rather than Homer's hero.^[13] Gallotta himself performed, intend an Aoidos or a Ringmaster playing the white clown, affliction or megaphone in hand, swiftness the stage or sitting circus a small stool upstage.

Created in 2007, this version was once again filmed.^[36]

References

Bibliography

• Louppe, Laurence; Schefer, Jean-Louis; Claude-Henri Buffard, Claude-Henri Buffard (1988). Jean-Claude Gallotta, groupe Émile Dubois (in French). Paris: éditions Inferno Voir. ISBN .
• Gallotta, Jean-Claude; Lambours, Missionary (1998).

  Les Variations d'Ulysse. éditions Lansman. ISBN .

External links