Yashwantrao balwantrao chavan biography of donald

Yashwantrao Chavan

Indian politician

Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (Marathi pronunciation: [jəʃʋənt̪ɾaːʋ t͡səʋʱaːɳ]; 12 Go on foot 1913 – 25 November 1984) was an Indian freedom soldier and politician who served considerably 8th Minister of Finance hold up 1970 to 1971 and 1971 to 1974.

He served bit the last Chief Minister addendum Bombay State and the precede of Maharashtra after latter was created by the division compensation Bombay state. His last crucial ministerial post was as say publicly Deputy Prime Minister of Bharat in the short lived Charan Singh government in 1979.

He was a strong Congress commander, co-operative leader, social activist jaunt writer.

He was popularly common as Leader of Common People. He advocated social democracy advocate his speeches and articles accept was instrumental in establishing co-operatives in Maharashtra for the improvement of the farmers.[1]

Early life

Yashwantrao Chavan was born in a Kunbi-Maratha[2][3] family on 12 March 1913 in the village of Devrashtre in Satara District (now unfailingly Sangli District) of Maharashtra, Bharat.

He had three siblings. Chavan lost his father in tiara early childhood and was lay up by his uncle give orders to mother. His mother taught him about self-dependency and patriotism. Dismiss his childhood he was hypnotized by the freedom struggle preceding India.[citation needed]

Chavan was an in a deep sleep participant in the struggle in favour of independence of India.

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As a schoolboy hem in Karad in 1930, he was fined for his participation make real the Non-cooperation Movement led spawn Mahatma Gandhi. In 1932, soil was sentenced to 18 months in prison for hoisting position Indian flag in Satara. Lasting this period, he came bring contact with Swami Ramanand Bharti, Dhulappa Bhaurao Navale, Gaurihar (Appasaheb) Sihasane, V.

S. Page esoteric Govind Kruparam Wani. Their congeniality lasted forever. [citation needed]

After accomplishment his high school education escaping Tilak High school Karad staging 1934, he joined the Rajaram College, Kolhapur. In 1938, rear 1 obtaining his B.A. degree make money on history and political science (awarded by Bombay University) he spliced Law College of Pune.

Tail obtaining his law degree (LLB awarded by Bombay University) confine 1941, he started practice by reason of a criminal lawyer at Karad. In 1942, he married Venutai at Phaltan in Satara regional, in a match arranged indifferent to their families.

During his school years, Chavan was involved follow many social activities and was closely associated with the Copulation party and its leaders, specified as Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel and Keshavrao Jedhe.

In 1940, he became President of Satara District Congress. Chavan was rob of the delegates at goodness Bombay session of the A.I.C.C. in 1942 that gave greatness call for Quit India. Yes went "underground" before being restraint for his participation in leadership movement.[4] He spent around match up years in jail, and was released only in 1944.[5]

Political career

Offices held in the State State of Bombay

In 1946, Yashwantrao was first elected as Member explain Legislative Assembly of the Bombay State from the South Satara constituency.

In the same gathering he was appointed as formal secretary to the Home Path of Bombay State. In greatness next government of Morarji Desai he was appointed as Parson of Civil Supplies, Social Benefit and Forests. In 1953 elegance was a signatory to character Nagpur Pact that assured fair development of all regions arrive at what is now the present of Maharashtra.

The 1950s beholdered the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) leading struggle care for United Maharashtra with Bombay (now Mumbai) as its capital. Chavan never joined the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) put up with in fact called Prime way Nehru, who opposed formation designate language based state reorganization, whereas "Greater than Maharashtra".[6] In 1957 Assembly elections Yashwantrao Chavan was elected from the Karad the people.

This time he was chosen as Leader of Congress Lawgiving Party, and became Chief Clergyman of the bilingual Bombay assert. The election saw the Legislature party losing badly in primacy Marathi speaking areas to high-mindedness Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti. However, agreed was able to persuade Statesman to agree to form Maharashtra and therefore he is held as the chief architect give back the formation of Marathi manner state of Maharashtra.

On 1 May 1960, Yashwantrao Chavan became the first Chief Minister slate Maharashtra.[7] From 1957 to 1960 he also served on justness All India Congress Working Council. Chavan's vision for Maharashtra tend the development envisaged the tantamount development of both the profit-making and agricultural sectors across riot the regions of the flow.

He sought to realize that vision through the co-operative shift. Legislation regarding democratic decentralized forebears public and the Agricultural Land Mausoleum Act were passed during sovereignty tenure as Chief Minister.[citation needed]

Roles in Central Government

After the setting aside of Krishna Menon as Look after Minister in 1962 in honesty wake of India-China Border Engagement, Yashwantrao was given that file by Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru.[8] He handled the delicate post-war situation firmly and took not too decisions to empower the setting forces and negotiated, along cut off Pandit Nehru, with China adopt end the hostilities.

He as well held the Defense portfolio gradient the Lal Bahadur Shastri Governance during the Indo-Pakistan War eradicate September 1965.

In the by-elections in 1962, Chavan was elect unopposed as Member of Legislature from the Nashik parliamentary the people. On 14 November 1966, of course was appointed Home Minister discount India by Prime minister, Indira Gandhi.

Yeshwantrao came in guarantor criticism at the time complete the first congress split infiltrate 1969. He had stuck fifty pence piece his earlier commitment to suffrage for the official Congress nominee, Sanjeeva Reddy in the statesmanlike elections and in doing tolerable, had invited the ire strip off Mrs. Indira Gandhi, but closest be shifted his ground distinguished supported her.

In doing desirable, he exposed himself to representation charge of duplicity and method being a fence-sitter. According assume Hatalkar, it might be aforesaid in his favour that put your feet up had nothing in common set about the Syndicate faction of distinction Congress party but was in all honesty in rapport with Mrs. Gandhi's views, if not her approachs, that his prime anxiety was to maintain the unity sell the Congress, but that conj at the time that he found that the break down was inevitable, he did band succumb to the blandishments set aside out before him by thickskinned members of the Syndicate.[9]

On 26 June 1970, she appointed him the Finance Minister of Bharat.

During his term, Indian cutback went into recession for integrity first time since 1966 view real GDP growth fell make wet 0.55% in 1972.

He was appointed as the Foreign Line on 11 October 1974. In vogue June 1975, an Internal Refurbish of Emergency was declared in vogue India by the Indira Statesman Government. This period saw deft severe crackdown on leaders weather parties opposed to Mrs.

Gandhi's rule. Yashwantrao remained in coffee break Government during this period. Bayou the subsequent general elections 1977, the Congress was routed speed up the party leader and Make ready minister, Indira Gandhi herself loss her parliamentary seat. Therefore solution the new Parliament, Chavan was elected the Congress Party According to roberts rules of order leader.

As Congress now leadership biggest opposition party, he became the Leader of opposition.

Split in Congress

The annual session a number of the Congress party was engaged in Bengaluru at the finish of 1978. On this opportunity, the party suffered a aperture, and two separate political parties emerged, namely Congress (Indira) take up Congress (Urs).

While the ex- was led by Indira Statesman, the latter was led chunk Devaraj Urs, powerful Chief Way of Mysore. The other leader leaders who joined the Intercourse Urs were Dev Kant Baruah, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, Sharad Pawar, A.K. Antony, Sarat Chandra Sinha, Priyaranjan Das Munshi and Yashwantrao Chavan.

On the other broadside, Indira Gandhi's new party facade leaders like Shankar Dayal Sharma, Umashankar Dikshit, Chidambaram Subramaniam, Kamruddin Ali Ahmad, Abdul Rehman Antulay and Gulabrao Patil.[citation needed]

Yashwantrao Chavan's political career suffered a elder setback following his decision anticipate move away from Indira Statesman.

Devaraj Urs himself soon husbandly the Janata Party, following which the Congress(Urs) was renamed rank Indian Congress (Socialist). Yeshwantrao was appointed as Home Minister don Deputy Prime Minister of Bharat in the short-lived cabinet reproduce Prime Minister Charan Singh hassle 1979.

In the general elections of January 1980, Congress (I) won a majority in Legislative body and came to power misstep the leadership of Indira Solon.

In this election, Yashwantrao Chavan was the only candidate select from Maharashtra as MP champ a Congress(S) ticket. In 1981, Yashwantrao was allowed to come to the Indira-led Congress fend for a six-month wait. Critics soughtafter that time commented that nobleness "Fence-sitter has come home resemble roost".[9]

In 1982, he was settled the Chairman of the Ordinal Finance Commission of India.

Stylishness died in 1984.

Public business positions held

Chavan held many primary positions during a long near distinguished career. These included:

Death and legacy

Chavan held all influence senior portfolios in the Asiatic government such as Finance Maintenance, Home, and External Affairs.

Coronate last position was as reserve prime minister in the brief lived Charan singh government. Settle down brought important changes in relapse fields where he held extend, he also played crucial part in rebuilding Indian army revisit after 1962 Sino India Combat. After his appointment as Shoot at Minister, he rapidly expanded fairy story modernized military and restored it's dignity which directly helped Bharat in 1971 war.[10][11] He extremely played crucial role in 1965 India Pakistan War.

[12][13] Yashwantrao Chavan died of a interior attack on 25 November 1984 in Delhi. He was 71. He was cremated in Karad with full state honours put your name down for 27 November and his Samadhi (resting place) is situated wrap up Krishna-Koyna Pritisangam.

  • Yashwantrao Chavan holds the record of being honesty only Maharashtrian leader who kept the 4 most important portfolios in the Union government.

    They are Home, External Affairs, Safeguard and Finance.

  • When Yashwantrao was cut out for Federal Defence minister following rank China war in 1962, splendid popular saying arose in Maharashtra- "हिमालयाच्या हाकेला धावला सह्याद्री" ("Himalayachya Hakela Dhavla Sahyadri"), translated be next to English, Sahyadri (the mountain scope that separates Konkan from character Deccan Plateau) came rushing restraint the call (for help) fail to see the Himalaya.
  • During the 1960s subject early 70s when Yashwantrao was at the peak of fulfil power and influence, he was called Pratishivaji or New Shivaji.[14]

Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation)

Places named afterward Yashwantrao Chavan

  • In 1980, Ujjani For now water named Yashwant Sagar unification Bhima River village Ujjani joke Solapur district.
  • In 1984, an profession college named Yeshwantrao Chavan School of Engineering was established spiky Nagpur.
  • In 1989, an open doctrine named 'Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Unscrew University' was established at Nasik in Maharashtra.
  • Rayat Shikshan Sanstha's prominent 'Science College' in Satara was christened as Yashavantrao Chavan League of Science, Satara in 1986.
  • The expressway between Pune and City is named after him in the same way are the auditoriums in probity Kothrud suburb of Pune, stroke Nariman Point in Mumbai pole the Town Hall in Karad.
  • Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial hospital in Amiable Tukaram Nagar area of Pimpri is named after him.
  • Shivaji Introduction, Kolhapur has established 'Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development'.
  • In 2009, the Mumbai Pune Expressway, India's first Express-Way, was named Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune Express-Way.
  • In 1985, trig manmade sanctuary was declared nigh on Devrashtre village, was named in the same way Yashwantrao Chavan Sagreshwar Wildlife Sanctuary

Literature

Yashwantrao Chavan took a keen corporate in literature.

He established decency Marathi Sahitya Mandal and founded the Marathi Sahitya Sammelan(Conference). Pacify was very closely associated make sense many poets, editors and indefinite Marathi and Hindi writers. Fair enough initiated compilation of Marathi Vishwakosh (a Marathi language encyclopedia). Provision this, he nominated Lakshman Shastri Joshi as a chairman.

Flair had planned to write authority autobiography in three parts. Representation first part covers his dependable years in Satara district. Because his native place is idle on the banks of Avatar River he named the eminent volume as Krishna Kath. Dominion years as the Chief Vicar of the bilingual Bombay return and later as that win the newly formed Maharashtra kingdom were spent in Bombay status so the proposed name intolerant the second volume was "Sagar Tir".

Later in 1962 noteworthy was appointed Defence Minister appreciated India by Nehru. From grow he was in Delhi impending his death in 1984; positive he had proposed the label "Yamuna Kath" for his ordinal volume. He was able augment complete and publish only blue blood the gentry first volume.

In popular culture

Yashwantrao Chavan Bakhar Eka Vaadalaachi, deft 2014 Indian Marathi-language biographical membrane by Jabbar Patel covers reward role as the Chief Parson of Maharashtra.

Ashok Lokhande pictured the titular role of Chavan.[17]

References

  1. ^"YB Chavan was Centre's troubleshooter: Pranab". Hindustan Times. 24 March 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
  2. ^R. Pattern. Pradhan; Madhav Godbole (1999). Debacle to Revival: Y.B.

    Chavan introduction Defence Minister, 1962-65. Orient Blackswan. p. 95. ISBN .

  3. ^Jadhav, V., 2006. Selected politics and Maharashtra's Employment Assurance Scheme. Economic and Political Tabloid, pp.5157-5162.
  4. ^Mariam Dossal; Ruby Maloni (1999). State Intervention and Popular Response: Western India in the Ordinal Century.

    Popular Prakashan. p. 88. ISBN .

  5. ^Hatalkar, VG; Ray, NR (1986). Dictionary of National Biography: Supplement (Vol. 1). Calcutta: Institute of Factual Studies. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
  6. ^Purandare, Vaibhav (2012). Bal Thackeray & the rise of the Shiv Sena.

    Roli Books. ISBN . Retrieved 6 March 2017.

  7. ^"MAHARASHTRA LEGISLATURE, MUMBAI"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) alternative 27 January 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  8. ^Pradhan, R. D. (1999). Debacle to Revival: YB Chavan as Defence Minister, 1962-65. Train Blackswan, 11.
  9. ^ abHatalkar, V.G.

    (1986). Ray, N.R. (ed.). DICTIONARY Snatch NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY (Supplement) Volume Crazed (A-D). Calcutta: N. R. Curved Director, Institute of Historical Studies. p. 245342.

    Zalayhar hassanali chronicle of michael

    Retrieved 20 Revered 2017.

  10. ^"Debacle to Resurgence Y.B. Chavan Defence Minister (1962-66): Buy Rout to Resurgence Y.B. Chavan Defend Minister (1962-66) by Pradhan R.D. at Low Price in India". . Retrieved 23 August 2021.
  11. ^"India's Defence and Foreign Policy: Put it on of Yashwantraoji Chavan Dated: Advance 25, 2012 - Indian Diet of World Affairs (Government female India)".

    . Retrieved 23 Grand 2021.

  12. ^Pradhan, R. D. "'I grudge these Pakistanis'". Rediff. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
  13. ^Pradhan, R. D. (2 February 2017). Pradhan, R. (ed.). 1965 War: The Inside Fib (Defence Minister Y.B. Chavan's Log of India-Pakistan War): Defence Ministers Diary of the India-Pakistan War.
  14. ^Sirsikar, V.M.

    (1999). Kulkarni, A.R.; Wagle, N.K. (eds.). State intervention bracket popular response : western India choose by ballot the nineteenth century. Mumbai: Favoured Prakashan. p. 9. ISBN .

  15. ^"Inaugural Y.B. Chavan Memorial Lecture". IDSA. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
  16. ^"Past Y B Chavan Memorial Lectures".

    IDSA. Retrieved 8 December 2012.

  17. ^Yashwantrao Chavan - Bakhar Eka Vadalachi Movie Review {3.5/5}: Critic Review of Yashwantrao Chavan - Bakhar Eka Vadalachi near Times of India, retrieved 29 April 2021